Showing 56207 results

File consists of:

• Copy of the front cover of Justa by Bridget Moran
• Copy of the back cover of Justa by Bridget Moran
• Author contract from Arsenal Pulp Press re: Justa (April 19, 1994)
• Memorandum of Agreement re: Justa Monk will make the final decision on all material in the manuscript
• Copy of the rejected cover of Justa by Bridget Moran
• Newspaper clipping: "Past mistakes recorded in new book" by Linda Bates (Vancouver Sun, May 5, 1995)
• Advertisements for book signings of Justa by Bridget Moran at Mosquito Books, Prince George (1995)
• Newspaper clipping: "Justa: A First Nations Leader" (Prince George Citizen, Nov. 17, 1994)
• Advertisements for Justa (Tl'azt'en Free Press, Nov-Dec. 1994)
• Newspaper clipping: "A Book In The Making: Life Story of Michael Morris" by Michael Morris
• Newspaper clipping: "Murder led to election as tribal leader" by Alison Appelbe (Vancouver Courier, Dec. 28, 1984)
• Book review of Justa (Central Interior NDP News)
• Congratulatory card from Pulp Press re: Justa
• Newspaper clipping: advertisement for book signing re: Justa (Dec. 10)
• Newspaper clipping: "Justa Monk subject of Moran book" (Vanderhoof, December 1994)
• Prince George Art Gallery Newsletter Spring/Summer 1995 re: cartoon
• Newspaper clipping: "Justa and Victims of Benevolence: Released by Arsenal Pulp Press" (Strait Arrow, Winter 1994/1995)
• Newspaper clipping: "Whistle blew in '60s, but its echo can be heard today" by Deborah Pearce (Times Colonist, Feb. 3, 1995)
• Advertisement re: Everywomans Books reading by Bridget Moran (Feb. 25)
• Newspaper clipping: "Readers Meet Justa Monk and Bridget Moran at Book Launching" (Strait Arrow, Spring 1995)
• Newspaper clipping: "Justa Monk - Carrier-Sekani Leader" (Strait Arrow, Spring 1995).

File consists of:

• Telegram of support to Bridget Moran from E.N. Terry (Jan. 8, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Mary Hill, School of Social Work (Jan. 8, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from couple in Togham, John and Patricia Floyd (Feb. 18, 1964)
• Thank you letter to Bridget Moran from the University of Victoria Pre-Social Work Club Secretary, Margaret Ritchie (March 28, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Nancy (?) (Feb. 28, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from 86 year old Charles Smith (Jan. 6, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Isobel Erokman (March 22, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from William L. Valens, Certified R.C.P.S. (Jan. 3, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Bessie Snider (Jan. 5, 1963)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Ethel Ostry, Ontario Social Worker (Mar. 18, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from Margaret R. Jones (Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Former Child Welfare Head Backs Prince George Outcry" (Jan. 8, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Service" (The Province, Jan. 15, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (Vancouver Sun)
• Newspaper clipping: "Other Side Not All Bad" (Vancouver Sun, Jan. 31, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Not money, people" (The Citizen, Jan. 7, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare workers here consider Victoria march" (Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "IWA says welfare 'deplorable' (The Citizen, Jan. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Anglicans, Liberals hit B.C. welfare program" (The Citizen, Jan. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "B.C. welfare budget eyes by federation" (The Province, Jan. 28, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "House in uproar as motion beaten" (The Province, Jan. 28, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bridget 'made it tough'" (The Citizen, Feb. 7, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare workers reject Williston's observation" (The Citizen, Feb. 10, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Aid 'Wasted' Says McGeer" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 5, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "More welfare letters read to legislature" (The Citizen, Feb. 5, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Flight to Bennett Diverted" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 12, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bennett Refuses To See Worker" (The Daily Colonist, Victoria, Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "B.C. Welfare Setup Branded as Farce" (Feb. 11, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Fort St. John 'misinformed' (Feb. 13, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Resigned Welfare Official 'Green'" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 13, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Some People Unwilling To Cope"
• Newspaper clipping: "Investigate Welfare" (The Citizen)
• Letter to Bridget Moran from Wally du Temple
• Newspaper clipping: "Fort Nelson Seeks Welfare Officer" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 15, 1964)
• Telegram of support to Bridget Moran from S.D. Moslin, Association of Chest Employees (Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Protest March Threatened (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Staff Considering Protest March" (Times, Feb. 14)
• Telegram to Bridget Moran from Wally du Temple (Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Suddenly He's Young And Green!" (Victoria Daily Times, Feb. 14, 1964)
• Letter to James A. Sadler, Director of Social Welfare from Bridget Moran and co- workers, protesting Wally du Temple's suspension (Feb. 13, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Greenness Positive Virtue In B.C. Welfare Protest" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 18, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Fighter City-Bound" (Daily Colonist, Victoria, Feb. 15, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Gov't Rewards Family Splits Says Barrett" (Victoria Daily Times, Feb. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "City Demands Welfare Probe" (The Citizen, Feb. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Five Social Workers Suspended by Gov't" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 18, 1964).

File consists of:

• Newspaper clipping: letter to the editor (The Citizen, Jan. 17, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: two political cartoons by Norris of The Vancouver Sun
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare fuss to be in vain" (The Province, Jan.8, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "No word on welfare" (The Citizen, Jan.8, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen)
• Newspaper clipping: "Salaries blamed for welfare lack" (The Vancouver Sun, Jan. 6, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Clashes over welfare forecast" (The Citizen, Jan. 22, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Social workers can be trained" (The Sun, Jan. 17, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Many improvements seen at welfare office here" (The Citizen, Jan. 31, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "The old shell game" (The Citizen, Jan. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Specialized help need seen here" (The Citizen Jan. 17, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen Jan. 17, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare chief on 'routine' trip" (The Citizen Jan. 23, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen Jan. 9, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen Jan. 10, 1964
• Telegram to Bridget Moran from Mr. and Mrs. Sig re: offer of support (Feb. 18, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "A Cry for Action"; photo of Premier Bennet; scrap piece of paper
• Newspaper clipping: Photo of Bridget Moran
• Letter of support from Michael Wheeler on behalf of colleagues at UBC School of Social Work to Bridget Moran (Jan. 6, 1964)
• Letter of support from V. Belknap, District Supervisor, Dept. of Social Welfare to Bridge Moran (Jan. 7, 1964)
• Letter of support from Amy (?) Leigh to Bridget Moran (Jan. 7, 1964)
• Copy of letter to Robert Bonner, Attorney General from Amy (?) Leigh (Jan. 23, 1964)
• Letter of support from N.R. (Nan Reed?) to Bridget Moran (Jan.7, 1964)
• Letter from R.J. Perrault, MLA to Bridget Moran re: Dec. 29, 1963 letter (Jan. 8, 1964)
• Letter of support from D. Barrett, MLA to Bridget Moran (Jan. 22, 1964)
• Letter from E.D. Fulton, Rulton, Rogers, Kelly and Reilly Barristers and Solicitors to Bridget Moran re: receipt of letter (Jan. 6, 1964)
• Two cards of support
• Telegram of support to Bridget Moran from Terry and Betty (Jan. 4, 1964)
• Letter of support from Joan Whitford (student at St. Ann's Academy) to Bridget Moran (Jan. 20, 1964)
• Letter of support from E.F. Watson, Executive Secretary of The Canadian Welfare Council to Bridget Moran (Jan. 15, 1964)
• Letter of support from Mem Barteaux to Bridget Moran (Jan.2, 1964)
• Letter of support from May Kirkham to Bridget Moran (March 20, 1964).

File consists of:

• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare: Are you tired of it?" (The Citizen, Feb. 19, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Minister in Hot Water" by Douglas Collins (Globe and Mail)
• Newspaper clipping: "Political Cartoon"
• Newspaper clipping: "Editorial - Ye Olde Violin" (Prince George Progress, Feb. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (Prince George Progress, Feb. 27, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "City Welfare Workers Axed" (The Citizen, Feb. 18, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Aldermen Request Report on Welfare" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Social Work Class Told 'Avoid B.C.'" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "'Northern Social Workers Speak'" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Four suspended workers get their jobs back" (Prince George Citizen, Feb. 24, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "4 Social Workers Get Jobs Back" (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Feb. 28, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor (The Citizen, Feb. 25, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Feb. 27, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Feb. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Feb. 26, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Feb. 27, 1964)
• Letter of support to Bridget Moran from the University of Victoria Pre-Social Work Club, Donald E. Bell, Program Chairman (Feb. 20, 1963)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare slipped for years" (The Citizen, Feb. 25, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor"(Vancouver Sun)
• Newspaper clipping: "Moran in 'lions den'" (The Citizen, March 18, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bridget refuses to keep quiet" (The Citizen, Feb. 28, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Socreds reject debate on B.C. welfare crisis" (The Citizen, Feb. 19, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Moran caseload spread among other workers" (The Citizen, March 17, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Mrs. Moran's Work Split by Department" (Daily Colonist, Victoria, march 18, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Temporary worker gone"
• Newspaper clipping: "Pressure on Welfare" (Daily Colonist, Victoria, March 19, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Socred MLAs Lash Socreds" (Daily Colonist, Victoria, March 19, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bridget finished for good, result of explosive scene" (Prince George Citizen, March 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare Rush Anti-Climax" (Daily Colonist, Victoria, March 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the editor" (Lillooet News, April 16, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bridget to write her story" (The Citizen, April 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "'Sick attitude' hit by social worker" (The Province, May 9, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Trip Delays Moran Plea" (Vancouver Sun, May 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Editorial" by James Nesbit (Vancouver Sun, Feb. 25, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Bridget Moran Makes New Bid For Return To Old Position" (The Citizen, March 7, 1966)
• Letter from Bridget Moran to Black re: no job available (March 2, 1966)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (Vancouver Sun)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (Vancouver Sun)
• Newspaper clipping: "Martyred Social Worker Asks Gaglardi for Justice" (Victoria Daily Times, Feb. 22, 1968)
• Newspaper clipping: "'Justice-Minded' Phil Gets Plea"
• Newspaper clipping: "One Family Cost Taxpayer $500, 000 in 22 Years" (Vancouver Sun, march 1968)
• Newspaper clipping: "Social worker struggles back" (The Province, Oct. 25, 1968)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the editor"
• Newspaper clipping: Photo of Bridget Moran (The Citizen, Oct. 1968)
• Letter to Bridget Moran from the Prince George Regional Hospital regarding employment (July 12, 1968)
• Newspaper clipping: Political cartoon
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare protest halts legislature" (Vancouver Sun, 1972)
• Poverty Is Big Business: paper presented to Annual Meeting of the Canadian Association of Social Workers by Bridget Moran (June 1973).

File consists of:

• Newspaper clipping: "Gross neglect in welfare charged in note to Bennett" (Province Jan. 3, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "BC welfare stetup rapped by part-time case worker" (The Vancouver Sun, Jan. 3, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Full Probe Urged on Social Welfare" (Vancouver Sun, Jan. 3, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Case worker labels welfare sick, sick, sick" (Daily Colonist, Jan. 3, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare neglect exposed" (The Citizen, Jan. 3, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare in 'disastrous state'" (The Daily Colonist, Jan. 4, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "B.C. deliberately failing in welfare, says critic" (The Province, Jan.4, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Mrs. Moran defends 'ethics' over welfare state charges (Jan. 7, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Welfare decline" (The Sun, Jan. 31, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: 'Welfare problems will get worse" (Vancouver Sun, Jan. 4, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Anglicans ask probe of welfare" (Sun, Jan. 6, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Hit-and-miss welfare in B.C.?" (The Province, Jan. 4, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "In Your Hands" (The Citizen, Jan. 6, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters flood workers" (Jan. 7, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: letter to the editor (The Citizen, Jan. 6, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Social workers call for probe" (Sun, Jan. 7, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Vanderhoof social worker backs Mrs. Moran's stand" (Nechako Chronicle, Jan. 9, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Compounding need" (The Citizen, Jan. 22, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: Letters to the editor (Sun, Jan. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Steacy: we show alarming social patters" (The Citizen, Jan. 16, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: letter to the editor (The Citizen, Jan. 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Hollering helps" (The Citizen, Jan. 14, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Letters to the Editor" (The Citizen, Jan. 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Hear for yourself" (The Citizen, Jan. 15, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Just amateurs doing an amateurish job" (The Citizen, Jan. 16, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Labour: sweep suffering under rug" (The Citizen, Jan 20, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "Clean up welfare" (The Citizen, Jan 21, 1964)
• Newspaper clipping: "More support for Mrs. Moran comes from former official" (The Citizen, Jan 15, 1964).

Images within this album consist primarily of the fishing industry, river & landscapes, salmon cannery images (housing, people, workers, boats) on the Nass River and North Pacific Coast, ca.1926-1933. Images also feature indigenous First Nations peoples, totem poles, the parliament buildings in Victoria, B.C., and the C.P.R. Pier in Vancouver, B.C. Each photograph is accompanied by a handwritten description glued below or beside the image.

This bound photo album comprises 122 photographic images featuring the fishing industry, river & landscapes, salmon cannery images (housing, people, workers, boats, machinery) and First Nations Peoples on the Nass & Skeena Rivers and North Pacific Coast. Images also include warships, freighters, automobiles, railway stations and trains, and some photographs of Yokohama, Japan and California ca.1924-25. Includes photographs of the 1924 Special Service Squadron World Cruise in Vancouver. Each photograph is accompanied by a handwritten description glued below or beside the image and each image is glued to the album page at its corners. The verso of front cover has a handwritten name plate:

Images within album consist primarily of fishery industry, river & landscapes, salmon cannery images (housing, people, workers, boats) on the Nass River and North Pacific Coast, ca.1924-1926. Each photograph is accompanied by a handwritten description glued below or beside the image.

Item is an original copy of the "ALC Handbook: A Window on the Agricultural Land Reserve" by the Provincial Agricultural Land Commission which was updated in installments between 1996 and 1999. Also includes six floppy disks that contain the ALC Electronic Library of documents.

This CD-ROM contains the published Agricultural Land Commission Handbook Electronic Library 1999 Edition. Software install on a compatible computer is required to access the content.

? Incl news clippings
? Agreement Between the Government of the Province of British Columbia and Aluminum Company of Canada Limited. Dated 29th December 1950

File consists of photocopies of Alcan Bulletins released while the BCUC Kemano Completion Project review hearings were ongoing (1993-1994).

File consists of outgoing correspondence from BCUC (and others) to Alcan as well as incoming correspondence to BCUC from Alcan and their solicitors. Prominent correspondents include Bill Rich, Vice President for British Columbia for Alcan, and their solicitors, Lawson Lundell Lawson & McIntosh.

File consists of a paper written by W.G. Hazelwood entitled "Alcan Environmental Baseline Studies: A Critique".

File consists of newspaper clippings, news releases, meeting minutes, cartoon illustrations of the Alcan company, promotional pamphlets, and correspondence. Includes issues of "The Watershed" newspaper (Vol. 1, No. 3) and the "Ingot" newspaper published by Alcan (various issues, 1975-1995). Highlights include:

• Brian Gardiner, "House of Commons Canada", 1993 (news release)
• District Municipality of Vanderhoof, Meeting summary regarding "Nechako River Loss An Environmental Flashpoint", 19 May 1993 (booklet)
• District Municipality of Vanderhoof, "Agenda, Town Hall Meeting", 18 May 1993 (document)
• Murray Rankin and Arvay Finlay, "Alcan's Kemano Project: Options and Recommendations", 1992 (book)
• Brian Gardiner, "Submission to the B.C. Utilities Commission Public Meetings on 'Procedural Matters' Regarding the 'Public Review of the Kemano Completion Project'", 1993
• Hans Edward Albert Kuppers, "The 5th Year Anniversary Collection by HEAK", 1981 (cartoon book)
• Alcan, Letter of appreciation to Audrey Smedley-L'Heureux, 1979 (correspondence)
• Audrey Smedley-L'Heureux to NDP Committee, Reproduction of letter regarding "The Need For Continued Support", 1980 (correspondence)
• Alcan, "Grande Baie", 1981 (booklet)
• Alcan, "Alcan in Canada", 1979 (booklet)
• Nechako Neyenkut Society, Certificate of thanks and founding to Ed & Audrey L'Heureux, 1983 (certificate)
• Nechako Neyenkut Society, Constitution and legal Society Act documentation, 1980 (document)
• Alcan, "Kemano Completion Project Information", 1994 (newsletter)
• Rivers Defence Coalition, "Privatising the Nechako River", 1993 (pamphlet)
• Greenpeace, "The Price of Power", 1993 (pamphlet)
• Allied Rivers Commission, "The Hidden Costs of Kemano", [199-??] (pamphlet)
• Alcan, "Special Report", 22 Sept 1993 (booklet)
• Reproduction of "Concept..". article in the Western Business & Industry Magazine 24 (4), Apr. 1953 (article)
• "The Watershed" newspaper, Vol.1 No.3 June 1994

File consists of photocopies of promotional material produced by Alcan. Includes Alcan Special Reports, "Kemano: Energy for the Future", pamphlets, news releases, and a "Statement by William J. Rich, Vice President for British Columbia Alcan, at Press Conference, 9 July 1993". Also includes an original "Kemano Completion Project Information" newsletter.

File consists of promotional material produced by Alcan. Includes "Notes for an Address by W.J. Rich, Vice President for British Columbia, Aluminum Company of Canada, Ltd." given in Smithers in March 1983; a March 13, 1983 Alcan Bulletin entitled "Most Nanika Diversion Water to Come from High Summer Flows--Winter Flows Increased"; a March 1983 issues of Alcan's "Update" newsletter on the Kemano Completion Project; and an Alcan promotional brochure for the Kemano Completion Project.

File consists of various promotional materials produced by Alcan regarding the Kemano Completion Project. Includes "Alcan in British Columbia" newsletter (vol. 5, no. 4), a transcript of an alcan press conference, an Alcan Special Report entitled "Flows Designed to Protect Salmon: Comprehensive Report on Nechako River Flows After Kemano Completion Project", an article entitled "Kemano: Energy for the Future", "The Kemano Completion Project" pamphlet, and a May 1994 newsletter "Kemano Completion Project Information".

File consists of an accumulation of rebuttals from Alcan employees to expert reports submitted by Department of Fisheries and Oceans scientists for the 1987 Nechako River court action. Includes an index to the thirteen rebuttals by authors Bruce Jenkins, A.C. Mitchell, D.W. Chapman, and Rolf Kellerhals.

File consists of a copy of the "Alcan Smelters and Chemicals Ltd. Reply to Final Submissions of Intervenors" for the BCUC public review of the Kemano Completion Project.

File consists of Rankin and Finlay report entitled "Alcan's Kemano Project: Options and Recommendations". Annotated by Dr. Gordon Hartman and/or John Hummel, Cheslatta Band researcher.

File consists of Alcan's "Outline of Evidence" for Technical Hearing Phase One: KCP Facilities and Operation for the British Columbia Utilities Commission Kemano Completion Project Review.

File consists of Alcan's "Outline of Evidence" for Technical Hearing Phase Three: Fisheries (Volume 1) for the British Columbia Utilities Commission Kemano Completion Project Review.

File consists of Alcan's "Outline of Evidence" for Technical Hearing Phase Three: Fisheries (Volume 2) for the British Columbia Utilities Commission Kemano Completion Project Review.

File consists of Alcan's "Outline of Evidence" for Technical Hearing Phase Two: Hydrology for the British Columbia Utilities Commission Kemano Completion Project Review.

File consists of a faxed copy of a part of an Alcan Bulletin responding to the BC Liberal Party Caucus Background Paper on Kemano Completion.

File consists of issues of the literary periodical entitled "Alcheringa", including issue 2.

Detail of Alnus catkin

Detail of Alnus catkin

File consists of Alderdice's handwritten notes regarding various aspects of the Alcan-Nechako River controversy.