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This PDF contains site location data, annotated soil profile photographs, and AMS radiocarbon dates for 2004 soil charcoal samples collected at Kluane Lake, Yukon Territory.

This PDF contains site location data, annotated soil profile photographs, and AMS radiocarbon dates for 2008 soil charcoal samples collected at Kluane Lake, Yukon Territory.

Item is "An Analysis of the Difference in Gross Merchantable Cubic-foot Volumes of the Upper Fraser Uneven-aged Spruce-Balsam Type When Computed by 2-, 4-, 6-, and 8-inch D.B.H. Classes" from the BC Forest Service "Research Notes" series.

Unpublished results for the Sulphur stable isotope tracer study (E.P. 886.15) were presented in annual reports to the funding agencies, including this FII Final Report from April 2003.

File consists of photocopies of various report front covers and references to Knox McCusker from 1926-1931.

File consists of the following items:

• "Mac" by D.L. Surveyor
• "Knox (Mac) McCusker: Dominion Land Surveyor" by E.L. Rutherford, V.C. Brink, R.S. Silver and M.Z. (Smokey) Neighbour
• Excerpts from Men and Meridians by Don W. Thomson
• Article re: Knox McCusker written on the occasion of his death (April 14, 1955)
• "McKusker (sic) to open up Blueberry Mountain Area" (Alaska Highway News, June 8, 1950)
• "McCusker was surveyor, big game guide….also rancher and trail blazer"
• "Knox Freeman McCusker" written on the occasion of his death (The Canadian Surveyor, July 1955)
• "Veteran Surveyor - Alaska Highway Stories"
• Memories of Knox McCusker by his oldest niece Betty (McCusker) Rutherford
• "Veteran Surveyor prefers horses for long bush treks" by Eric Young (Edmonton Journal)
• Eulogy for Knox McCusker read by Stanley D. Seif at Burch Presbyterian Church in Fort St. John, B.C.
• Eulogy for Gwendolyn Dorothy McCusker (July 1997)
• "Tropical Valley No Myth: amazing story of woman who lived there" by Thomas A. Wayling (Vancouver Sun)
• Photocopy of section of map: "Topographical sketch map showing route traversed by the Bedaux Sub-Arctic Expedition 1934 through the Rocky Mountains" (by Frank Swannell, March 27, 1935)
• Memories of Knox McCusker by Bill McCusker, his oldest nephew
• "There is always a reason; destiny made it a date. The corridor of the Alcan didn’t just happen" (Fort St. John publication)
• Article on Knox McCusker (ALS News, Winter 1983)

File consists of the following articles and speeches written by Knox McCusker:

• "Reminiscences of Knox McCusker" (63 typewritten pages)
• "Back and Beyond the Peace" by K.McCusker (taken from the Toronto Star Weekly Saturday May 5, 1928) – retyped
• "The Alaska Highway" by Knox F. McCusker, D.L.S. (The Canadian Surveyor, July 1943)-photocopy
• Mr. McCusker's speech (5 pages)
• “Tropical Valleys of B.C.” (4 pages)
• "The president has called me an old old surveyor…" speech written by K. McCusker
• "In the early days of my career in the Surveying profession…" written by K. McCusker

Item is an original "Atlin Park Lake Trip Report" by W.G. Hazelwood. Includes original photographic prints pasted into the report.

File contains correspondence relating to project funding and reports on the significance of the project.

File consists of an article written by Gary Runka entitled "Balanced Agriculture - Its Social Value" for the Symposium o n Decoupling, Ottawa - February 10-12,1988.

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"This speech was prepared for publication in the July 1988 edition of t he "Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics".

The Symposium explores the social and economic values of agriculture and this paper primarily pursues the social value side of the equation and asserts that a healthy agricultural sector has a social as well as economic value to Canada.

The paper is broken into four sections:
(I) The Farm;
(II) Rural Communities and Regions;
(III) Canada and Beyond; and
(IV) Summary.

Under these broad topics the paper considers several themes, many of which have a strong or direct relationship to farmland preservation. B.C. and Quebec programs are directly mentioned. A few of these themes are captured here:

• "balanced agriculture" ... let it imply a balance between economic considerations (market forces) and social values
• It is not easy to design legislative programs that will accommodate both the legitimate financial concerns of those who husband the land and the desire of society to protect a scarce resource
• Society must share in t he responsibility to retain foodlands. "...both Quebec and British Columbia accepted this responsibility in their agricultural land preservation legislation by bring in associated commodity income insurance programs along with the provincial designation of land within agricultural land reserve zoning."
• A need for balance between private rights of land ownership with stewardship and the responsibility of government to intervene when private interests do not coincide with public interests.
• The urban majority will have a growing influence on the way farmers and agriculture will be treated in coming decades
• Any country is wise to ensure that it retains the option to produce at least a portion of its own food
• Do we want agriculture driven by a "trade environment" or do we as a country have other social goals that we wish to pursue, of which international trade is part?
• It is in Canadian society's general interest to have economic and social cohesion when considering agricultural policy reform."

File consists of a speech given by Gary Runka entitled "BC Experience: Establishing Priorities for the Use of Rural Land Resources" for the Canadian Institute of Planners Annual Conference in Kitchener, Waterloo.

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"This is a second speech GGR gave at the 1980 CIP Conference.

The 'rural' stage is set by stating that BC is 94% crown land of which 53% is unreserved crown land - so lots of rural land to plan for.

The paper largely outlines 8 examples of rural land use priorities in BC including:

1. Integrating rural land use policy under the Environment and Land Use Act
2. Agricultural Land Commission Act protecting farmland
3. Forest and Range Act
4. Municipal and Regional government community, settlement and regional plans - largely on non-crown land
5. The Federal government's amended Fisheries Act
6. Special Statutes Planning - The Islands Trust Act
7. Crown land Planning Strategies
8. Environment Planning via an Environment Act, Water Basin Plan and Wildlife along with complimentary legislation.

The paper helps to place the farmland preservation in the context with other land use planning efforts in British Columbia."

Item is a draft of "B.C. Hydro Proposed 287 kV Transmission Line - Kitimat to Terrace - Preliminary Environmental Assessment of Fish and Wildlife Values" by Grant Hazelwood. Also includes accompanying print pages for a 2015 BC Hydro powerpoint slideshow regarding the Terrace to Kitimat Transmission Project (TKTP).

File consists of a speech given by Gary Runka entitled "BC Land Use Issues and Smiling Frogs" for the Agricultural Institute of Canada Foundation.

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"This presentation, which was accompanied by slides (not with speaking notes) reviews five diverse land use issues of which three involve agriculture, two of which were directly linked to the ALC.

The 'Smiling Frogs' metaphor is wonderfully explained as the heat is turned up and down on land use issues and complacency is something to be avoided.

GGR was directly involved in some capacity with each of the issues reviewed and, therefore is in a position to provide an "insiders" point of view. The five issues were:

1. Burnaby Business Park (Burnaby Big Bend) - Lower Mainland - a very succinct overview is provided for this win-win accomplishment which directly involved ALC decision-making.
2. Charlotte-Alplands (West Chilcotin) - involved an exploration of forest, recreation and wilderness tourism opportunities and the identification of potential conflicts.
3. Fraser River Delta (Delta Farmland and Wildlife Trust) - considers the successful coming together of agricultural and wildlife interests in an area that has both internationally significant wildlife habitat and an important part of the Pacific Flyway but also comprises one of the best agricultural areas in Canada.
4. Mid-Coast (Greenpeace and Western Forest Products) - provides insights into a very hot issue that had some success and some failure in trying to get two very opposed sides together in which the Land and Coastal Resource Management Planning process is struggling.
5. Six Mile Ranch (Kamloops) - every so often the ALC is faced with what might be referred to as an application of province wide notoriety and Six Mile Ranch assuredly fit this description. The application involved a proposal in the Kamloops area (but some distance from Kamloops) to use an area of interior grasslands ALR for urban development in the form of residential, resort and golf course. GGR sums up his feelings nicely on this land issue - "My involvement in this fiasco is indirect and that of "Citizen Runka" and perhaps more specifically as a student of government stupidity."

File consists of a speech given by Gary Runka entitled "BC Soil Conservation Issues: How Serious are They?" for a BCFA Soil Conservatiori Seminar - March 10,1987.

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"Stressing the importance of soil conservation, this speech begins by noting that all land and water users (not just agriculture) - on-site or off-site - are involved with soil conservation.

The paper is broken into 3 sections:
(1) Framework Considerations in which the diversity of BC's landform and climate is noted. The key soil conservation issues from a provincial perspective are reviewed including:

• erosion;
• sedimentation;
• acidification;
• organic matter loss; and
• soil compaction.

(2) Economic Considerations - the estimated loss annually in agriculture due to soil erosion is 30 to 50 million dollars.
(3) Legislation and Institutional Structure Considerations - BC is noted as having no provincial legislation that has soil conservation as its main thrust.

While the ALC Act and ALR are not directly mentioned, soil conservation is an important associated issue related to farmland preservation."

File consists of a speech given by Gary Runka entitled "BC's Agricultural Land Reserve - Its Historical Roots" at the Post World Planners Congress Seminar.

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"Vancouver hosted the World Planners Congress in June 2006 and the day following the Congress the BC Ministry of Agriculture and Lands and Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada hosted a full day seminar entitled "Planning for Food".

GGR provided an important overview of the BC farmland preservation program. The speech begins with comments outlining the factors motivating the government of the day to enact legislation to preserve agricultural land. The presentation was then broken into three time periods including:
The Formative Years (1972-1975)
The Refinement Years (1976-1996)
The Uncertain Years (1996-????)

GGR in his summary poses some less than optimistic questions and observations. He states that despite successes "there are growing
concerns that, over its history, the focus of the program has subtly shifted - from an agency devoted to farmland preservation, to a rationing board." He sees the focus on application review as being detrimental to the Commission's role of promoting and encouraging farming in the ALR. Given this shift in direction he presents several suggestions to get the program back on track.

The presentation ends with a challenge to the people of B.C. to decide whether the next segment of the B.C. farmland preservation history is entitled 'The Rebuilding Years' or not."

File consists of a speech given by Gary Runka entitled "BC's Land Use and the Current Land Inventory".

Commentary on this speech by Barry Smith of the Ministry of Agriculture and Lands:
"Although page 4 of this speech is missing (or possibly intentionally deleted), this document provides a detailed explanation of the CLI ratings and may well have been the basis of interpretation guidelines for agricultural capability mapping used by the ALC.

GGR at the time was the B.C. Land Inventory Field Coordinator.

It appears that slides at one point accompanied this speech."

Item is an original report by Rob Cannings entitled "Biological Investigations of the Blue Rivers Headwaters Area, Wells Gray Park". Includes original photographic prints within the report.

File consists of climate station data printed from computer disks, original and photocopied soil description forms, and original copies of ecological and terrain mapping reports.

The British Columbia Railway (BC Rail) series consists of promotional ephemera material, employee time tables, fare rates and multiple forms, used and unused, pertaining to daily train movements and BCR operations. Several employee manuals, employee examination material, employee seniority listings, and union agreements are also contained within. Three plans detail various BC Rail sites.

File consists of budget proposals and forecasts for 1993/94 and 1994/95 with recommendations of road maintenance as the central expenditure.

File consists of documents relating to the construction of the Pacific Great Eastern Railway (PGE), which predominantly consist of photocopy reproductions, excerpts from books, and clippings from periodicals. Includes a chronology of the history of PGE, a list of sub-contractors who completed the Squamish sub-division, "PGE/BCR: Dease Lake Extension First 25 Years, 1968 to 1993", and "P.G.E.R. 1914 to 1923: Progressive Dates of Commencement of Passenger Service".

Item is a reproduction of a report entitled "Burns Bog Analysis" by Catherine Berris & Associates for the Ministry of Environment, Lands & Parks. The scope of this Burns Bog Analysis was inventory and preliminary analysis; the process included information collection and review, preliminary analysis of existing and potential land uses and a public open house.

The Canadian National Railway series consists of administrative records, safety records, correspondence between departments, labour records, records pertaining to train movements, maintenance records, and ephemera. Includes publications concerning the topics of unionized labour, railway operation, maintenance of way, handling of hazardous materials, safety, public interest, and the two Royal Tours of 1939 and 1959. Also consists of maps and technical drawings depicting Canadian National Rail lines and equipment.

The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) series consists of materials documenting CPR operations in British Columbia from 1927-1996. Series includes correspondence, time tables, publications and ephemera used or created by Canadian Pacific. Also comprises tariff and freight materials developed by Canadian National Railways and the Canadian Freight Association used by Canadian Pacific.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.

"The Cassiar Courier" is a newspaper that documents the community and work life of the residents of Cassiar BC. Content includes text and photographs, as well as jokes, comics, and games.